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The European Union and the United States have the world's largest bilateral trade and investment relationship, and enjoy the most integrated economic relationship in the world. Taking goods, services and investment into account, the EU and the US are each other’s largest trading partners by far.
Millions of jobs in the United States are related to EU-US trade and investment. The European Union is a reliable source of critical supplies to the United States, including medicinal ingredients and pharmaceutical products, advanced machinery and equipment, and aerospace parts and components. At the same time, the European Union is the largest buyer of the United States’ natural gas and oil, which is an important element for ensuring transatlantic energy security and to allow a shared strong response to Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine.
Trade picture
- The transatlantic trade relationship is the most important commercial relationship in the world.
- EU-US trade in goods and services reaches an impressive €1.7 trillion. This means that every day, €4.6 billion worth of goods and services cross the Atlantic between the EU and the US. (Latest available data)
- EU-US goods and services trade is balanced: the difference between EU exports to the US and US exports to the EU stands at €20.8 billion; the equivalent of just 1.3% of the total trade between the EU and the US. (Latest available data)
- Total bilateral trade in goods between the EU and the US reached €910.6 billion in 2025. The EU exported €554.9 billion of goods to the US market, while importing €355.7 billion; this resulted in a goods trade surplus of €199.2 billion for the EU.
- Total bilateral trade in services between the EU and the US was worth €865.2 billion in 2024. The EU exported €343.4 billion of services to the US, while importing €521.8 billion from the US; this resulted in a services trade deficit of €178.4 billion for the EU.
- The EU and the US are also major investment partners. EU and US firms have €4.8 trillion worth of investment in each other’s markets (2024 data).
- US exports of goods and services to the EU support 2.6 million jobs in the US, and EU firms’ investments in the US employ 2.4 million people. To learn more, visit the EU's Business Footprint in the United States Project.
The EU and the United States
Deal on tariffs and trade
On 27 July 2025, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and US President Donald J. Trump agreed a deal on tariffs and trade.
- Joint Statement on a United States-European Union framework on an agreement on reciprocal, fair and balanced trade - 21 August 2025
- EU and US publish Joint Statement on transatlantic trade and investment - Press release; 21 August 2025
- Questions and answers on the EU-US Joint Statement on Transatlantic Trade and Investment - 21 August 2025
- EU-US trade deal explained - energy aspects - 30 July 2025
- EU-US trade deal explained - 29 July 2025
Statements on recent US announcements
- Statement by President von der Leyen on the deal on tariffs and trade with the United States, 27 July 2025
- Statement by President von der Leyen on EU-US trade - 12 July 2025
- Statement by President von der Leyen on US tariffs - 10 April 2025
- Statement by President von der Leyen on the announcement of universal tariffs by the US - 3 April 2025
- Statement by President von der Leyen on the US announcement of car import tariffs – 26 March 2025
- Statement on the US reciprocal tariff policy – 14 February 2025
- Statement by President von der Leyen on announced US tariffs – 11 February 2025
- Statement by the European Commission on potential imposition of US tariffs on EU steel and aluminium – 10 February 2025
The EU-US Trade and Technology Council
The European Union and the United States launched the EU-US Trade and Technology Council (TTC) at their summit in Brussels on 15 June 2021. The latest ministerial meeting was held in Leuven on 4 and 5 April 2024. The TTC served as a forum for the EU and the US to coordinate approaches to key global trade, economic and technology issues, and to deepen transatlantic trade and economic relations based on shared democratic values.
You can find more information on events related to the Trade and Technology Council on the Commission’s dedicated Futurium website.
Negotiations
Despite the US being the EU’s largest trade and investment partner, there is no dedicated free trade agreement between the EU and the US. The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) negotiations were launched in 2013, but ended in 2016 without conclusion. They were formally closed in 2019.
Trading with the United States
- Importing into the EU from the United States
- EU trade defence measures on imports from United States
- Exporting from the EU to the United States
- Disputes between the EU and the US:
- Trade relations are part of the EU's overall political and economic relations with the United States
- United States is a member of the World Trade Organization
Latest news
The European Commission welcomes the political agreement reached today between the European Parliament and the Council of the EU on two Regulations eliminating tariffs on all US industrial goods and providing preferential market access for certain US agricultural and seafood products.
Today, the EU and US signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on a strategic partnership on critical minerals and agreed an EU-US Critical Minerals Action Plan.
The United States and the European Union are pleased to announce that they have agreed on a Framework on an Agreement on Reciprocal, Fair, and Balanced Trade ('Framework Agreement').